CLASS_4 MATHS CH 13 DATA HANDING
# Understanding Data Handling: Bar Graphs, Scaling, and Circle Charts
## Introduction
Data handling is an essential skill in understanding and interpreting information. In this chapter, we will explore how to understand and work with different types of graphs, including bar graphs and circle charts. These tools help us visualize data and make sense of numerical information in a clear and organized way. Let’s dive into the details of bar graphs, scaling, and circle charts.
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## Bar Graphs: Elements and Interpretation
A **bar graph** is a visual representation of data using bars. It can be vertical or horizontal, with one axis representing categories (like garden creatures) and the other axis showing numerical values (like their counts).
### Example 1: Garden Creatures
Imagine a student collected data on the number of garden creatures she saw while walking through her garden. She recorded the following:
- **Ladybugs**: 7
- **Grasshoppers**: 3
- **Dragonflies**: 5
- **Butterflies**: 9
To create a bar graph, we need to set up two axes:
1. The **y-axis** (vertical line) represents the number of creatures, and the **x-axis** (horizontal line) represents the types of creatures.
2. Each unit on the grid corresponds to one creature. Since the largest number is 9 (butterflies), we will label the y-axis from 0 to 10 in increments of 1.
By shading boxes on the graph, we can represent each category:
- Ladybugs: 7 boxes shaded.
- Grasshoppers: 3 boxes shaded.
- Dragonflies: 5 boxes shaded.
- Butterflies: 9 boxes shaded.
### Questions Based on the Graph
1. **How many grasshoppers did she see?**
- She saw **3 grasshoppers**.
2. **How many more butterflies did she see than ladybugs?**
- She saw **9 butterflies** and **7 ladybugs**, so there are **2 more butterflies**.
3. **How many fewer grasshoppers did she see than dragonflies?**
- There were **5 dragonflies** and **3 grasshoppers**, so there are **2 fewer grasshoppers**.
4. **How many creatures did she see in all?**
- Adding them up: 7 (ladybugs) + 3 (grasshoppers) + 5 (dragonflies) + 9 (butterflies) = **24 creatures**.
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## Scaling in Bar Graphs
Scaling is essential when the numerical values are large or do not fit neatly into a single unit grid. For example, if we have data where the number of students choosing favorite subjects ranges from 10 to 50, using one unit per box would make the graph too large. Instead, we can use scaling by assigning each box to represent multiple units (e.g., 1 box = 5 students).
### Example 2: Favorite Subjects
A bar graph shows the number of students who chose their favorite subjects as follows:
- **Social Studies**: 30 students
- **Math**: 50 students
- **Science**: 30 students
- **English**: 35 students
- **Others**: 10 students
To create this bar graph, we decide that each box represents **5 students**. The y-axis will be labeled in increments of 25 (e.g., 0, 25, 50, 75). Each subject’s bar will be shaded accordingly:
- Social Studies: 6 boxes (30 ÷ 5 = 6).
- Math: 10 boxes (50 ÷ 5 = 10).
- Science: 6 boxes (30 ÷ 5 = 6).
- English: 7 boxes (35 ÷ 5 = 7).
- Others: 2 boxes (10 ÷ 5 = 2).
### Questions Based on the Graph
1. **Which subject is the most popular?**
- Math, with **50 students** choosing it.
2. **How many more students chose Science than English?**
- There are **5 fewer students** who chose Science (30) than English (35).
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## Circle Charts: Interpreting Data in Slices
A **circle chart**, or pie chart, divides a circle into slices to represent proportions of data. Each slice corresponds to a category’s percentage or fraction of the total.
### Example 3: Favorite Fruits
Imagine a survey where students were asked about their favorite fruits. The results are recorded as a circle chart with the following portions:
- **Bananas**: Half the circle (50%).
- **Apples**: A quarter of the circle (25%).
- **Pears**: Another quarter (25%).
From this, we can infer that bananas are the most popular fruit. If two fruits have equal slices, they are equally liked by students. Smaller slices indicate less popularity.
### Example 4: Favorite Colors
A class conducted a survey on favorite colors and recorded the results in a circle chart. The chart shows:
- **Blue**: Half the circle (50%).
- **Orange**: A third of the circle (33%).
- **Red**: A small slice (17%).
From this, we can conclude that blue is the most favorite color, while red is the least favorite.
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## Conclusion
Understanding bar graphs and circle charts is crucial for interpreting data in everyday situations. Bar graphs allow us to compare quantities visually, while circle charts help us understand proportions and percentages. By practicing these skills, students can become more confident in analyzing and presenting data effectively.
"WEBVTTKind: captionsLanguage: engood morning students I hope you all are well so today we will discuss about our thirteenth chapter of max that is data handling in this chapter we will learn about understanding a bar graph and its elements second one is scaling in a bar graph third one is drawing circle charts and inferring from them so that means we have to learn about bar graph you have you have already know about it because in previous class you already discussed about bra graph so will let's take a start of a chap look students this is a called bar graph it is a bar graph in it lines it is a vertical line vertical line represents y-axis and it is a horizontal line and horizontal line represent x-axis so we put the values of Y in Y axis and these represent x-axis this line is called vertical line vertical line and this line is called horizontal line so moving to first question read the bar graph and answer the following questions so first one is letter collected data on garden creatures she saw while walking through her garden she represents the data using a bar graph look at here it is a bar graph and first one is a ladybug so number of ladybug means seven and next one is grab super and how many grasshopper are three and number of dragonfly five and number of butterfly which are equal to nine so firstly we have to draw a bar graph here the difference between 7 7 - 4 it becomes 3 + 3 + 2 5 so how can we take a bar graph let's take is using the Reapers and a bar graph so first one is 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 & 7 why we make 7 numbers B each or look at here each these are small boxes and each box measure one unit how many unit 1 unit see me because I'm a greatest largest number of the ladybug is 7 sorry 9 butterflies are 9 so we have to represent a next number is 8 and again 9 next number is 10 so we have to draw 10 numbers on vertical line so similar so first one is ladybug how many ladybug 7 so share this portion always remember if we geurim is the difference one color area the home Nica Karnak Joe ladybug could rock or Nevo be one difference say he start carrying it so that means we have two shades 7 boxes of ladybug next grasshopper how many grasshopper are 3vs3 here is three so this represent grasshopper next one is nerd dragonfly so how many dragonflies are five where is five here is 5 so initiate 5 boxes 1 2 3 4 and 5 next one is butterfly so total number of butterflies are 9 where is 9 here is 9 so shade how many boxes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 and 9 boxes so similar we can draw any bar graph of any numbers given by am in this side in vertical line we have to write a number of God and creatures and my garden creatures and in de verte horizontal line we rewrite garden creatures so first one is question is how many grasshopper did she see how many grasshopper did she see you sneaky sniffing a grasshopper decay tree that means tree how many more butterflies did she see than ladybug the code firstly laid how many ladybugs are there 7 and butterflies are 9 so 9 minus 7 it is - so how many more butterflies did she she she see two more butterflies then ladybugs nach one is how many fewer grasshopper did she see then dragonflies and how many dragonflies are five and how many grasshopper are three that means she see - laughs - super than dragonfly next one is how many creatures did she is or see in all that means total number of creatures first one is seven next one is three seven plus three plus five plus nine now adding all the number of richer 7 plus 3 10 10 plus five 15 15 plus nine is equal to 24 that means total number of creatures she see in 24 so bar graph a bar graph is a visual interpretation of data either in the form of vertical or horizontal bar that means these are vertical and these are horizontal bars so the longer the bar the greater is its value second one is a bar graph has a chart little that informs the reader what the chart is interpretating and next one is it has horizontal and vertical scales as we know in the first firstly we discuss about it next one is it has Carrie Carrie graves in horizontal scale so how what is scaling so far we have been using one unit of grid to measure one unit of item of data that means it is a grid and how many units are there one because we have to represent is 0 to 1 1 to 2 because 1 plus 1 becomes 2 and 2 plus 1 becomes 3 that means each grid is represent one unit but when the greatest value of your daughter does not fit into the graph we use scaling that means scaling is the relation between the units use and report a representation on the graph so the falling Barker bar graph shows the favorite subjects of class for students of a school so first one is favorite subject that is social studies math science English and others so number of students 30 50 30 35 and 10 so firstly we have to make a bar graph also remember scale one unit means five students because why we have to write one unit is equal to five students because if we measure one unit is equal to one student it becomes so large that means it is difficult for us to draw a bar graph so that's why we have the we have to measure each box is equal to five students that means we zero to 5 5 to 10 10 to 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 and 55 next number is 60 because each your grid is represent five students so first one is social studies so how many students are there number of students 30 so look at here we have draw a bar graph in the vertical rhine we represent numbers 5 to 60 0 to 60 and here we write in this side number of students number of students and horizontal line represents subjects favorite subjects so scale means one unit is equal to 5 students first subject is social studies and number of students 30 where is 30 here so draw line in front of 30 because total number of students 30 which subject it is social studies next one is maths and total number of student 50 here is 50 and draw gap of 5 5 scale because we have to measure each unit each grid 5 units math means number of students 5 so Matt's in this box we write math next one is science and total number of science are again 30 so here 30 which subject that means size next one is English and total number of students 35 here 30 after 30 it comes 35 so draw a graph in front of 35 English next one is others other means tan this number of students tan where is tan here is tan others so in this way we can make a bar graph moving to question number second a fruit chart makes conducted a survey about people's favorite fruits and recorded the result in bar graph use the bar graph to answer the questions we have given a bar graph here in the horizontal line it represent fruits and in the vertical lines number of votes so first one is give a suitable title off to the bar graphs that means we have to see only fruit that means we have to give the name or favorite fruits and next one is right the scale of the graph that means scale means a difference because Omni a Botanica kidney kidney measurement alayhim deco first to zero so 225 next one is 50 and next one is 75 and above net difference find connect zero say 25 zero plus 25 is equal to 25 next is 50 when we add 25 plus 25 it becomes 50 in similar when we add 50 plus 25 it becomes 75 Suresh each scale here a scale of the graph is 25 units so next one is which is the most popular fruit most popular fruit deco which is the most popular fruit first wins 50 apples are 50 next one is peers 175 banana 325 next orange 125 150 next grapes 250 so greatest is 350 which food that means banana so most popular fruit is banana and how many customers have chosen either orange or grape Muslim up omnia Botanica Kim Canova customer name grape or orange dono pachowski that means total number of grapes total number of grapes where it is 250 and total number of orange it is 150 so adding both the numbers zero plus zero zero five plus five ten and take one as Carrie 2 plus 1 3 and 3 plus 1 4 said so that customers have chosen 400 orange or grapes next one is if 75 more customer prefer Apple which one will top or the chart apple or pear because firstly we have to add number of apples 25 sorry 15 so add 74 more well that means we have to add firstly 50 plus 75 it becomes when we add fifty plus seventy five five plus zero five seven plus five 125 and total number of apples now 125 and peers number of peers are 200 so we know that 200 is greater than 250 125 so which number which will on the top chart Apple or peer that means peer so next one is list the fruits in order from most popular to least popular that means we have to list the fruits in order from most popular to least popular mclubbe Jose police obtained a descending order of greatest smaller smaller and smaller and so which one is on the top that is banana first one is banana most popular fruit next one is less than branagh it is grapes because number of grapes are 250 next fruit is 200 which appear and next one is orange because it has 150 and and and number of apples are 50 so in this way we can list the fruits of most popular from least popular so how many customers like banana how many customers like brand a banana that is 325 moving to next that is circle charts a circle is a sliced in two parts to represent data which is called a circle chart the relative size of portion makes it a good way to compare data let us look at the following example the class for students of a school spent a week at a scout camp at the end of the week the scout master asked the compare campers vert their favorite activities to the camp was the circle charts show their feedbacks it is a circle chart and this half circle represent horse-riding then one third portion represent crafts and next vivan fourth creepers and crafts one third campfire and half part represent canoing so it shows that more students like horse riding because semi circle half but horse riding the least favorite activities was craft sub c least will have come crafts the title of the chart can be favorite camp activities so in this way we can represent a circle chart and also answer the questions so similar moving to first question the class for students of a school were asked about their favorite fruits and their response was represented in the form of circle chart look at here it is a circle chart and so observe that chart and answer the question first one is the wager fruit is the students favorite ham Nia PA Botanica Kwanzaa fruit student's car favorite at firstly they Co joy pink light pink shade AJ orange car yay apple banana peer and mango you virtus greater look at which portion is greater that means art orange so which fruit is the Nephi fruit is the students favorite that orange so next one is which two fruits are like equally likely by students though Muslim two fruits of Nia Sabbath on a job students go equally person there they go in above knee is portion coke impaired karna Dookie orange to subside Java but equal dough portion of the Koala blue apple or Pierre donaga size k half cm Eric that means con con say food so gay Apple and Pierre so next one is which if root is least liked least like mclubbe sub-second Kwanzaa fruit a look at here it is a small portion of that is mango and next one is what can be the title of the circle chart title of the circle chart favorite fruits because we have to observe about the fruits so title of the chart is favorite fruits moving to next question there was a survey in a class about the students favorite color and information was recorded in the a circle chart observe the circle chart and answer the question given below so first one is which color is the least favorite of the students least favorite MATLAB sub C least concept either orange or red so answer is exact orange because up sakam concha favorite nurse color a but joka orange so next one is which color is most favorite look at all the charkh circle chart so which number you have to see in the greater number shaded portion is blue as we know that blue is half of the circle that means favorite most favorite color is blue which is their second favorite color first one is blue second favorite color orange is least favorite red is also least and yellow is one third and sim next one is pink because after comes pink is second favorite color of students in this way we can use the circle chartsgood morning students I hope you all are well so today we will discuss about our thirteenth chapter of max that is data handling in this chapter we will learn about understanding a bar graph and its elements second one is scaling in a bar graph third one is drawing circle charts and inferring from them so that means we have to learn about bar graph you have you have already know about it because in previous class you already discussed about bra graph so will let's take a start of a chap look students this is a called bar graph it is a bar graph in it lines it is a vertical line vertical line represents y-axis and it is a horizontal line and horizontal line represent x-axis so we put the values of Y in Y axis and these represent x-axis this line is called vertical line vertical line and this line is called horizontal line so moving to first question read the bar graph and answer the following questions so first one is letter collected data on garden creatures she saw while walking through her garden she represents the data using a bar graph look at here it is a bar graph and first one is a ladybug so number of ladybug means seven and next one is grab super and how many grasshopper are three and number of dragonfly five and number of butterfly which are equal to nine so firstly we have to draw a bar graph here the difference between 7 7 - 4 it becomes 3 + 3 + 2 5 so how can we take a bar graph let's take is using the Reapers and a bar graph so first one is 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 & 7 why we make 7 numbers B each or look at here each these are small boxes and each box measure one unit how many unit 1 unit see me because I'm a greatest largest number of the ladybug is 7 sorry 9 butterflies are 9 so we have to represent a next number is 8 and again 9 next number is 10 so we have to draw 10 numbers on vertical line so similar so first one is ladybug how many ladybug 7 so share this portion always remember if we geurim is the difference one color area the home Nica Karnak Joe ladybug could rock or Nevo be one difference say he start carrying it so that means we have two shades 7 boxes of ladybug next grasshopper how many grasshopper are 3vs3 here is three so this represent grasshopper next one is nerd dragonfly so how many dragonflies are five where is five here is 5 so initiate 5 boxes 1 2 3 4 and 5 next one is butterfly so total number of butterflies are 9 where is 9 here is 9 so shade how many boxes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 and 9 boxes so similar we can draw any bar graph of any numbers given by am in this side in vertical line we have to write a number of God and creatures and my garden creatures and in de verte horizontal line we rewrite garden creatures so first one is question is how many grasshopper did she see how many grasshopper did she see you sneaky sniffing a grasshopper decay tree that means tree how many more butterflies did she see than ladybug the code firstly laid how many ladybugs are there 7 and butterflies are 9 so 9 minus 7 it is - so how many more butterflies did she she she see two more butterflies then ladybugs nach one is how many fewer grasshopper did she see then dragonflies and how many dragonflies are five and how many grasshopper are three that means she see - laughs - super than dragonfly next one is how many creatures did she is or see in all that means total number of creatures first one is seven next one is three seven plus three plus five plus nine now adding all the number of richer 7 plus 3 10 10 plus five 15 15 plus nine is equal to 24 that means total number of creatures she see in 24 so bar graph a bar graph is a visual interpretation of data either in the form of vertical or horizontal bar that means these are vertical and these are horizontal bars so the longer the bar the greater is its value second one is a bar graph has a chart little that informs the reader what the chart is interpretating and next one is it has horizontal and vertical scales as we know in the first firstly we discuss about it next one is it has Carrie Carrie graves in horizontal scale so how what is scaling so far we have been using one unit of grid to measure one unit of item of data that means it is a grid and how many units are there one because we have to represent is 0 to 1 1 to 2 because 1 plus 1 becomes 2 and 2 plus 1 becomes 3 that means each grid is represent one unit but when the greatest value of your daughter does not fit into the graph we use scaling that means scaling is the relation between the units use and report a representation on the graph so the falling Barker bar graph shows the favorite subjects of class for students of a school so first one is favorite subject that is social studies math science English and others so number of students 30 50 30 35 and 10 so firstly we have to make a bar graph also remember scale one unit means five students because why we have to write one unit is equal to five students because if we measure one unit is equal to one student it becomes so large that means it is difficult for us to draw a bar graph so that's why we have the we have to measure each box is equal to five students that means we zero to 5 5 to 10 10 to 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 and 55 next number is 60 because each your grid is represent five students so first one is social studies so how many students are there number of students 30 so look at here we have draw a bar graph in the vertical rhine we represent numbers 5 to 60 0 to 60 and here we write in this side number of students number of students and horizontal line represents subjects favorite subjects so scale means one unit is equal to 5 students first subject is social studies and number of students 30 where is 30 here so draw line in front of 30 because total number of students 30 which subject it is social studies next one is maths and total number of student 50 here is 50 and draw gap of 5 5 scale because we have to measure each unit each grid 5 units math means number of students 5 so Matt's in this box we write math next one is science and total number of science are again 30 so here 30 which subject that means size next one is English and total number of students 35 here 30 after 30 it comes 35 so draw a graph in front of 35 English next one is others other means tan this number of students tan where is tan here is tan others so in this way we can make a bar graph moving to question number second a fruit chart makes conducted a survey about people's favorite fruits and recorded the result in bar graph use the bar graph to answer the questions we have given a bar graph here in the horizontal line it represent fruits and in the vertical lines number of votes so first one is give a suitable title off to the bar graphs that means we have to see only fruit that means we have to give the name or favorite fruits and next one is right the scale of the graph that means scale means a difference because Omni a Botanica kidney kidney measurement alayhim deco first to zero so 225 next one is 50 and next one is 75 and above net difference find connect zero say 25 zero plus 25 is equal to 25 next is 50 when we add 25 plus 25 it becomes 50 in similar when we add 50 plus 25 it becomes 75 Suresh each scale here a scale of the graph is 25 units so next one is which is the most popular fruit most popular fruit deco which is the most popular fruit first wins 50 apples are 50 next one is peers 175 banana 325 next orange 125 150 next grapes 250 so greatest is 350 which food that means banana so most popular fruit is banana and how many customers have chosen either orange or grape Muslim up omnia Botanica Kim Canova customer name grape or orange dono pachowski that means total number of grapes total number of grapes where it is 250 and total number of orange it is 150 so adding both the numbers zero plus zero zero five plus five ten and take one as Carrie 2 plus 1 3 and 3 plus 1 4 said so that customers have chosen 400 orange or grapes next one is if 75 more customer prefer Apple which one will top or the chart apple or pear because firstly we have to add number of apples 25 sorry 15 so add 74 more well that means we have to add firstly 50 plus 75 it becomes when we add fifty plus seventy five five plus zero five seven plus five 125 and total number of apples now 125 and peers number of peers are 200 so we know that 200 is greater than 250 125 so which number which will on the top chart Apple or peer that means peer so next one is list the fruits in order from most popular to least popular that means we have to list the fruits in order from most popular to least popular mclubbe Jose police obtained a descending order of greatest smaller smaller and smaller and so which one is on the top that is banana first one is banana most popular fruit next one is less than branagh it is grapes because number of grapes are 250 next fruit is 200 which appear and next one is orange because it has 150 and and and number of apples are 50 so in this way we can list the fruits of most popular from least popular so how many customers like banana how many customers like brand a banana that is 325 moving to next that is circle charts a circle is a sliced in two parts to represent data which is called a circle chart the relative size of portion makes it a good way to compare data let us look at the following example the class for students of a school spent a week at a scout camp at the end of the week the scout master asked the compare campers vert their favorite activities to the camp was the circle charts show their feedbacks it is a circle chart and this half circle represent horse-riding then one third portion represent crafts and next vivan fourth creepers and crafts one third campfire and half part represent canoing so it shows that more students like horse riding because semi circle half but horse riding the least favorite activities was craft sub c least will have come crafts the title of the chart can be favorite camp activities so in this way we can represent a circle chart and also answer the questions so similar moving to first question the class for students of a school were asked about their favorite fruits and their response was represented in the form of circle chart look at here it is a circle chart and so observe that chart and answer the question first one is the wager fruit is the students favorite ham Nia PA Botanica Kwanzaa fruit student's car favorite at firstly they Co joy pink light pink shade AJ orange car yay apple banana peer and mango you virtus greater look at which portion is greater that means art orange so which fruit is the Nephi fruit is the students favorite that orange so next one is which two fruits are like equally likely by students though Muslim two fruits of Nia Sabbath on a job students go equally person there they go in above knee is portion coke impaired karna Dookie orange to subside Java but equal dough portion of the Koala blue apple or Pierre donaga size k half cm Eric that means con con say food so gay Apple and Pierre so next one is which if root is least liked least like mclubbe sub-second Kwanzaa fruit a look at here it is a small portion of that is mango and next one is what can be the title of the circle chart title of the circle chart favorite fruits because we have to observe about the fruits so title of the chart is favorite fruits moving to next question there was a survey in a class about the students favorite color and information was recorded in the a circle chart observe the circle chart and answer the question given below so first one is which color is the least favorite of the students least favorite MATLAB sub C least concept either orange or red so answer is exact orange because up sakam concha favorite nurse color a but joka orange so next one is which color is most favorite look at all the charkh circle chart so which number you have to see in the greater number shaded portion is blue as we know that blue is half of the circle that means favorite most favorite color is blue which is their second favorite color first one is blue second favorite color orange is least favorite red is also least and yellow is one third and sim next one is pink because after comes pink is second favorite color of students in this way we can use the circle charts\n"