**Building a High-Tech Projectile Launcher**

When it comes to building a high-tech projectile launcher, several components come into play. First, we need an Inverting Current Sense (ICS) circuit, which is essentially an inverter that turns high into low and vice versa. This is crucial for creating nand's and nor's, essential logic gates in electronics.

To make things more interesting, we'll also use a Bava High, not aka Inverter ICS. This means our project will turn on or off based on the inputs and combinations of NANDs and NORs, two fundamental ICs that are vital for creating complex logic circuits.

Another key component is the RS latch. This IC consists of logic gates to maintain a switched-on output even when the set pin switches from 5 volts back to ground. Think of it like a memory cell that retains its state until reset. The reset pin can then easily reset the output states, turning them on again.

Now, we need an op-amp as a comparator. While the Arduino was capable of distinguishing between two output states of an optical sensor, logic gates alone couldn't do so. That's where our comparator comes in – it outputs a logic-compatible fivefold level once the applied voltage on the plus input is higher than the reference voltage on the -inputs. We can adjust this by using a potentiometer.

**The Logic Diagram**

Our tactile switch needs to turn on an RS latch when pushed, which then turns on the driver of the first coil stage. But why does it need an inverter? The CD forty or forty four RS latch has inverted inputs, so we require another additional inverter to get rid of that effect.

Once the projectile reaches the first optical sensor, our comparator turns on its outputs and resets the first ledge while simultaneously turning on the second ledge. This activates the second driver and coil stage, ultimately leading to the projectile reaching a second optical sensor.

**The Problem with Continuous Current**

However, if something goes wrong and the projectile never reaches a sensor, the first coil stage would get destroyed by continuous high current. The Arduino solved this problem using a timer that turns off the drivers automatically after around 1 second.

To recreate this function in our project, we could use a 10 microfarad capacitor and a 100 kilo ohm resistor in series on the output of both latches. This would charge up the capacitor to 3 volts in roughly 8.12 milliseconds, acting as a trigger for an additional comparator to turn off the reset prematurely.

**The Logic Circuit**

Our logic circuit still has minor issues if you hold the tactile switch forever or if the second coil stage turns on when inserting the projectile. But for now, it's good enough. To create a proper circuit diagram, we used Easy EDA circuit design software due to its simplicity in finding required ICs in their online database.

After creating the logic diagram and schematic design, I went ahead and created a prototype on breadboards. Unfortunately, it was a mess due to the increased number of components and connections.

**Assembling the Prototype**

To fix this, I added male headers and necessary wires to the Arduino socket of McCoy gun. I then fine-tuned potentiometers for the comparators and tested it out – to my surprise, the circuit works fine without programming!

However, soldering the components to the bottom side perfboard of McCoy gun would have been impossible due to circle sizes. Using professionally made PCBs or ordering ones from China would be a better option.

**The IC Circuit vs. Arduino**

While our IC circuit has several advantages, including higher speeds, it's also more expensive than using an Arduino. The only real advantage of the IC circuit is its speed. In the end, there are multiple ways to skin a cat – and I personally prefer using an Arduino due to its flexibility and low price.

I hope you enjoyed this video! Don't forget to Like, share, and subscribe for more content. Stay creative, and I'll see you next time!

WEBVTTKind: captionsLanguage: enin a previous project video I showed you how to create a coil gun they can shoot iron projectiles the main component of the electronic circuits was not Reno nano microcontroller which as you can see it does its job just fine but many of you are stated that they would love to see another approach with more classical ICS without programming so in this video I will show you how easy that sounds and no difficult it actually can get to recreate an Arduino circuit to Wolff common eye sees and what the pros and cons of this are let's get started first off I gathered all the ICS that I had laying around and might need for this project most importantly also called logic gates which usually have one or more inputs and one output they exist and ICS which only turn the output on when the input 1 and input 2 are connected to oppose the voltage aka our high AKA r1 however you want to call it then we have our ICS which turn the output on when input 1 or input 2 or Bava high not aka inverter ICS which turned out puts on or off in reverse to the inputs and combinations of n /o ICS who have not ICS to create nand's and NORs another mandatory IC is the so called RS latch which consists of logic gates in order to maintain a switched on outputs even when the set pin switches from 5 volts back to ground the reset pin can then obviously reset the output States to turned up again and last but not least we will need an op-amp as a comparator while the Arduino was capable of distinguishing between the two output states of the optical sensor these logic gates cannot do that so the comparator will output the logic gates compatible fivefold level once the applied voltage on the plus input is higher than the reference voltage on the - inputs which I can adjust by utilizing a potentiometer and with those basics out of the way let's try to come up with a logic diagram first off the tactile switch once pushed needs to turn on the output of an RS latch which then turns on the driver of the first coil stage and if you're wondering why there is an inverter my CD forty or forty four RS latch has inverted inputs so I need another additional inverter to get rid of that effects once the projectile then reaches the first optical sensor the comparator turns on its outputs and resets the first ledge while simultaneously turning on the second ledge and thus the second driver and coil stage ultimately the projectile reaches a second optical sensor which once again turns on the comparator resets the ledge and turns off the second driver in the--you year this logic diagram works but imagine if something goes wrong and the projectile never reaches a sensor the first coil stage would get destroyed by the continuous high current the Arduino solved this problem over timer which turns off the drivers automatically after around a seconds to recreate this function we could use a 10 microfarad capacitor and a 100 kilo ohm resistor in series on the output of both latches the five fold of the circuits will charge up the capacitor up to 3 volts in roughly 812 milliseconds we could use this reference voltage as a trigger for an additional comparator to turn off the reset of the ledge prematurely which also forces us to use the logic or gates and in order to discharge the capacitor we will need a bipolar transistor which turns on once the output of the latch is low which also requires another inverter now this logic circuit still has minor box-like if you hold the tektite switch forever or that the second coil stage turns on when you insert the projectile but for now this is good enough so let's create a proper circuit diagram for that I use the easy EDA circuit design software because it was rather simple to find the required I sees in their online database as you might already have noticed not only the creation of the logic diagram took a lot of time but also the schematic design as well if we compare it to the relatively simple circuit of the Arduino but nevertheless once the diagram was complete I went ahead and created a prototype of its on to breadboards needless to say though it was a mess simply because of the increased number of components and connections afterwards I added male headers and the necessary wires to the Arduino socket of McCoy gun connected those to my circuits fine tuned the potentiometers for the comparators and tested it out as you can see the circuit without programming works fine as well so it is assembled the prototype and realize that soldering the components to the bottom side perfboard of McCoy gun would have been impossible for circles of that size edging PCB year or ordering professionally made ones is definitely more appropriate and if we add the price of each IC from the control circuits it would cost around 3 euro so we might as well order not winner from China for that price whose functions in the circuits we could easily extend through software instead of hardware changes the only real advantage of the IC circuit is the speeds it is way faster than the Arduino all in all there's more than one way to skin a cat but I personally prefer the Arduino because of its flexibility and low price I hope you liked this video as always don't forget to Like share and subscribe that would be awesome stay creative and I will see you next timein a previous project video I showed you how to create a coil gun they can shoot iron projectiles the main component of the electronic circuits was not Reno nano microcontroller which as you can see it does its job just fine but many of you are stated that they would love to see another approach with more classical ICS without programming so in this video I will show you how easy that sounds and no difficult it actually can get to recreate an Arduino circuit to Wolff common eye sees and what the pros and cons of this are let's get started first off I gathered all the ICS that I had laying around and might need for this project most importantly also called logic gates which usually have one or more inputs and one output they exist and ICS which only turn the output on when the input 1 and input 2 are connected to oppose the voltage aka our high AKA r1 however you want to call it then we have our ICS which turn the output on when input 1 or input 2 or Bava high not aka inverter ICS which turned out puts on or off in reverse to the inputs and combinations of n /o ICS who have not ICS to create nand's and NORs another mandatory IC is the so called RS latch which consists of logic gates in order to maintain a switched on outputs even when the set pin switches from 5 volts back to ground the reset pin can then obviously reset the output States to turned up again and last but not least we will need an op-amp as a comparator while the Arduino was capable of distinguishing between the two output states of the optical sensor these logic gates cannot do that so the comparator will output the logic gates compatible fivefold level once the applied voltage on the plus input is higher than the reference voltage on the - inputs which I can adjust by utilizing a potentiometer and with those basics out of the way let's try to come up with a logic diagram first off the tactile switch once pushed needs to turn on the output of an RS latch which then turns on the driver of the first coil stage and if you're wondering why there is an inverter my CD forty or forty four RS latch has inverted inputs so I need another additional inverter to get rid of that effects once the projectile then reaches the first optical sensor the comparator turns on its outputs and resets the first ledge while simultaneously turning on the second ledge and thus the second driver and coil stage ultimately the projectile reaches a second optical sensor which once again turns on the comparator resets the ledge and turns off the second driver in the--you year this logic diagram works but imagine if something goes wrong and the projectile never reaches a sensor the first coil stage would get destroyed by the continuous high current the Arduino solved this problem over timer which turns off the drivers automatically after around a seconds to recreate this function we could use a 10 microfarad capacitor and a 100 kilo ohm resistor in series on the output of both latches the five fold of the circuits will charge up the capacitor up to 3 volts in roughly 812 milliseconds we could use this reference voltage as a trigger for an additional comparator to turn off the reset of the ledge prematurely which also forces us to use the logic or gates and in order to discharge the capacitor we will need a bipolar transistor which turns on once the output of the latch is low which also requires another inverter now this logic circuit still has minor box-like if you hold the tektite switch forever or that the second coil stage turns on when you insert the projectile but for now this is good enough so let's create a proper circuit diagram for that I use the easy EDA circuit design software because it was rather simple to find the required I sees in their online database as you might already have noticed not only the creation of the logic diagram took a lot of time but also the schematic design as well if we compare it to the relatively simple circuit of the Arduino but nevertheless once the diagram was complete I went ahead and created a prototype of its on to breadboards needless to say though it was a mess simply because of the increased number of components and connections afterwards I added male headers and the necessary wires to the Arduino socket of McCoy gun connected those to my circuits fine tuned the potentiometers for the comparators and tested it out as you can see the circuit without programming works fine as well so it is assembled the prototype and realize that soldering the components to the bottom side perfboard of McCoy gun would have been impossible for circles of that size edging PCB year or ordering professionally made ones is definitely more appropriate and if we add the price of each IC from the control circuits it would cost around 3 euro so we might as well order not winner from China for that price whose functions in the circuits we could easily extend through software instead of hardware changes the only real advantage of the IC circuit is the speeds it is way faster than the Arduino all in all there's more than one way to skin a cat but I personally prefer the Arduino because of its flexibility and low price I hope you liked this video as always don't forget to Like share and subscribe that would be awesome stay creative and I will see you next time