**Understanding Data Types in Python**

Python is a high-level programming language that offers various data types to store and manipulate different kinds of data. In this article, we will explore four main data types: numbers, sequences, mapping, and more.

**Numbers**

A number in Python can be either an integer, floating-point, or complex number. Integers are whole numbers, starting from 0. For example, at the first index value, we have a value of X, which is why at the position of 5, we have X = 4. Similarly, you can use mathematic functions like minimum and maximum to get the minimum value or the maximum value of a list.

For instance, let's create a list with values from 1 to 10:

```

list_x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

print(min(list_x)) # Output: 1

print(max(list_x)) # Output: 5

```

In this example, we use the `min()` function to get the minimum value of the list and the `max()` function to get the maximum value. This shows that Python provides various functions to work with numbers.

**Sequences**

Sequences in Python are data types that store multiple values together. They can be either lists or tuples. A list is a collection of items that can be of any data type, including strings, integers, floats, and other lists. Lists are denoted by square brackets `[]`.

Let's create a list with some values:

```

list_y = [1, 2, "hello", 3.5]

print(list_y[0]) # Output: 1

print(list_y[1]) # Output: 2

print(list_y[2]) # Output: hello

print(list_y[3]) # Output: 3.5

```

In this example, we create a list `list_y` with four values and access each value using its index.

**Tuples**

A tuple is similar to a list but it cannot be changed after it's created. Tuples are denoted by parentheses `()`.

Let's create a tuple:

```

tuple_z = (1, 2, "hello", 3.5)

# You can't change the value of tuple_z

try:

tuple_z[0] = 10

except TypeError as e:

print(e) # Output: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment

```

In this example, we create a tuple `tuple_z` with four values. We try to change the first value using indexing, but Python throws an error because tuples are immutable.

**More on Lists**

Lists have several useful methods that allow us to manipulate and access their elements. Some common methods include:

* `append()`: adds an element to the end of the list

* `extend()`: adds multiple elements to the end of the list

* `insert()`: inserts an element at a specific position in the list

* `remove()`: removes the first occurrence of a specified value from the list

* `pop()`: removes and returns an element from the list

Here's an example of using these methods:

```

list_a = [1, 2, 3]

print(list_a.append(4)) # Output: None

print(list_a) # Output: [1, 2, 3, 4]

list_b = [1, 2, 3]

list_b.extend([4, 5])

print(list_b) # Output: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

list_c = [1, 2, 3]

list_c.insert(0, 4)

print(list_c) # Output: [4, 1, 2, 3]

list_d = [1, 2, 3]

list_d.remove(2)

print(list_d) # Output: [1, 3]

list_e = [1, 2, 3]

print(list_e.pop()) # Output: 3

print(list_e) # Output: [1, 2]

```

In this example, we demonstrate how to use the `append()`, `extend()`, `insert()`, `remove()`, and `pop()` methods to manipulate the elements of a list.

**Dictionaries**

A dictionary is an unordered collection of key-value pairs. Each key is unique and maps to a specific value. Dictionaries are denoted by curly brackets `{}`.

Let's create a dictionary:

```

dict_f = {"name": "John", "age": 30}

print(dict_f["name"]) # Output: John

print(dict_f.get("city")) # Output: None (because city is not in the dict)

```

In this example, we create a dictionary `dict_f` with two key-value pairs. We access the value associated with the "name" key using indexing.

**Updating Dictionaries**

Dictionaries have several methods that allow us to update their elements:

* `update()`: updates the dictionary with new key-value pairs

* `setdefault()`: sets a default value for a specific key if it doesn't exist

* `pop()`: removes and returns a specified value from the dictionary

Here's an example of using these methods:

```

dict_g = {"name": "John", "age": 30}

dict_g.update({"city": "New York"})

print(dict_g) # Output: {'name': 'John', 'age': 30, 'city': 'New York'}

dict_h = {"name": "John"}

dict_h.setdefault("age", 30)

print(dict_h) # Output: {'name': 'John', 'age': 30}

dict_i = {"name": "John"}

print(dict_i.pop("age")) # Output: 30

print(dict_i) # Output: {'name': 'John'}

```

In this example, we demonstrate how to use the `update()`, `setdefault()`, and `pop()` methods to update the elements of a dictionary.

By understanding these data types and their methods in Python, you can create robust and efficient programs that handle different kinds of data.

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boolean return since the data to be teased with up are many types a programming language must provide the V and the facilities to handle all types of data before you learn how you can repossess the different types of data in a Python let's discuss the various types host in Python in this session we will discuss how clean it arrives you will be able to know the Python capabilities you handle our specific types of data such as of memory space is only to hold certain types of data and the needs of variables voted for the either life etc so Python offers the following building code data life one number two strength Liz old couple and dictionary number as it is clear by the name the number two divides are used to store the numeric values in Python the numbers in Python have a following for data types integer sign or Julianne floating point number and complexion of all so now we will discuss all of these different types of number data right with the help of program so first we are going to 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result some twenty five point five so in this way you can perform a addition subtraction multiplication on a floating number a number with a decimal point so now just run this program again so here we have a number one so we just enter time there is a number well press ENTER it demands for the second number so we enter the second number that would in point eight that is a prote number as we does that enter so you can see how the float the integer number is changed to the float come with so here we have a number one as a 12.0 number two as a 14.8 and we got the sum as 26.8 so in this way you can perform or you can convert the data from a major to float up float to integer next we have a data type as a boolean so boolean having the value two and false the boolean data type is a subtype of gain integer and the boolean value false and to behave like the value 0 and 1 so let's design a program to understand the concept of bullet in diesel so here X we define as a rule and assign a value 0 so Y ends of boolean data type and we assign the value but then we use a pain function X and print function y to print the value of x to print the value of y so now run this program to see the result so here we have X as opposed ero means false Y as a bold one means true so we can use the boolean integer then we have to perform a statement like we have to execute a program based on some condition so basically we use a boolean data type at that time or when we have any query having only two results either yes or either low so we use the boolean data type in those condition or in those statements next we have a complex number in a Python so the third day tonight for a number it is complex number so if I can represent a complex number in the form of E Plus V G that is to represent the imaginary number soap I can use G and the place of additional high so we are using the iron for fighter who represent that imaginary number but in a five hundred percent that masonry number so here we have a one above C is equal to zero plus four point five G so Co is a real number and four point five G is our imaginary number so if you paint plus C then we will get the result as a complex number second example is T one point one plus three point sixty so we think here the value of D so now run this program to see that oh so here we have four point five K it is a value of C okay in a second number we have one one one plus three point six three so the output we got in and this V 1 but 1 plus equal 6 if we have to use only a real part of a number on only the imaginary part of a number then they can use it as bring be point three two prints the real part of a number D point imaginary to think that imaginary number of the D so here we have a real number of a D is one point one and the imaginary number of T is change point six so you can also use this function to print the real number or imaginary number for complex so this is about the number data type now we are going to learn about string datatype lifting strength you already know about the string in a pythons so in this section we will talk about the strings how to use a string as a data type in Python a string data type let you hold a string data is that any number of valid chapter into a set of quotation mark in a Python 3 point X each character stored in a string is a Unicode tractor or in the other word all the strings in Python 3 point X are a sequence of your Unicode character the Unicode is a system designed to represent the half reflector from every language first ring can hold any types of lawn vector is that latter numbers and specific term of any non script language so let's write a program to take input as a string and work with the string so here we have a 1 program in which we are using a variable as name so store and swing this name of a student as a husband so we have to use the double quick or a single with to represent of string second we have a variable like lastly is equal to brought in single grade so you can represent the string either in a single or either in a double quit so next we have a print function to display the result by using brain function student name then we have our space and then we have a last name of the student so let's run this program to see the output select the program string and here we have our good stuff so in this program first we have a student name as a - then we use the first operator who can carry two pink cap these two string and how we use these double quotes to represent the space between these two variable values like first variable student name as a Vulcan then we have a space then we have a last name so in this way you can use a string variable in your program next we have writen stu line code to get the input as a string from the user and print it let's rerun this program again so first it display the name student name plus last me and then ask for the venue to be entered as a string by the user enter your favorite field so we add here like a favorite food pizza as we enter so in the next line we have a paint function and the value stored in our food that is entered by the user as a string is displayed so this is all about change next data type is lists and tuples the lists and tuples are Python compound data types we have taken them together in one section because they are basically the same types with the different lists can be changed modified but the tougher can't be changed or modified so let's talk about these two Python types one by one so one list a lift in a Python represent our list of former separated value of any data type between the steel brackets so here we have an X as an emo list and these are the different values that is affected by the comma and enclosed by the scalar X to represent it is a list here we use a print function to bring the X now run this program to understand the sequence of execution of this program so here first we bring a list this main function paint the list so here we have a list 1 2 3 4 8 9 10 5 & 6 then we use a print function to print the first position value so that is used by X 0 so the value in a list always start from 0 not from 1 so the first index value is 0 second index value is 1 2 3 4 and so on so at the first zero index value we have a value 1 but the next value at the index 1 we have a value to add the index 2 we have a value of list 3 at the index value 3 we have a value 4 similarly at the 5 we have a value a so you can represent it first position at the first position we have a value of x that is why at the position of 5 but the element we have X 4 so that is value 8 similarly you can use a some mathematic function like minimum maximum to get the minimum value of to get the minimum value of lipsticks okay so the minimum value of in this list is what it will compare of all the values and get the minimum value from this set of values so the minimum value in list X we have one similarly we use a max function to get to calculate the maximum value of a list X so here we have maximum value n so similarly you can also use in a list we can modify the value for example first we print the value of 4 is 4 then we change the value to 14 and you can also see in a result at the position after changing the value we have 40 so in the list we can modify or change the value after the Declaration of list next type is tougher so in this program so dapper is a similar object of a list but we are not able to change or modify any value in this stuff so in that upper we have to use a name of topple is X and the value assigned in the round deck is and all the values are represented with the help of form so rest of the things are same only the brackets are changed enough list we are using the scale bracket but enough then we have to declare any value or any variable as a cover so we use here the round brackets so here we have user brain function to thank the value of extra per run this program to see the output so here we have X double then we print the value of one position 1 so that is the value 1 similarly the position get the value of position file that is Z and then we similarly get the minimum function and maximum function to get the value or to find the minimum value of x double and to find the maximum value of x double so here we use 1 and similarly next we have used a plain function to bring the position of both so position of four is o then we use X equal to 40 but then we apply this condition so you can get this message so the error type duffle object does not sport the item assignment so you are not able to change the value in Suffern but you can change the value in list so these are the different data types list add tougher next we have dictionaries dictionary data type is another feature in a Python so the dictionary is an uncoded set of commas effective teams and value pair within these curly brackets switch requirement that within a dictionary no cookies can be used at the same so there is a unique keys are assigned to a different values so similarly you can check help we have a list name so we have a dictionary name as a wall so the first is T and the value is 1 second we have E and the value is 2 and so on and we use the print function to print the value of dictionary boggle similarly if you want to print a specific value then you can use their teeth to paint that then 82 for the field value with that T so now run this program - this is the output of this function so here first we think the dictionary then we think the value of T that is 1 similarly you can use another way you can use the numbers and assign the values lead you to that so for example if we have a computer so here we have a frame function to bring this dictionary computer and then I is equal to integer input and her are number so as a person enter any number from this 1 2 3 4 5 so that is related to that key we have an hope so it will print the value for example we just enter the 3 and when we press Enter so we get the value of 3 that is monitor so similarly when you have to ask any are multiple questions from the person so you can use this dictionary it is very helpful for them so in this subject we have discussed about these different data types number having the three subtypes integer boolean floating-point and complex number then we have discuss about the sequences data type that is string open and live and then the last one we have discussed the mapping data type that is dictionary okay students so this is all about the different data types so keep watching thank you have a nice daygood morning students today we are going to start with our subject computer science session number four data handling in any language there are some fundamentals you need to know before you can write even the most elementary programs so in this session we will introduce some of such fundamental such as data types variables operators and expressions in Python I can provide a predefined set of data type or handling the data it use data can be stored in any form of these data types in this session we are going to discuss about the various data types of data that can store in Python of whose a program needs a means to identify the stored data so we will also talk about the variables in Python data types data can be many types for example vector in these are real number strength etc and in a which represent a string data in vital number without fractions represent integer data the number with affection represent the real data and true and false represent boolean return since the data to be teased with up are many types a programming language must provide the V and the facilities to handle all types of data before you learn how you can repossess the different types of data in a Python let's discuss the various types host in Python in this session we will discuss how clean it arrives you will be able to know the Python capabilities you handle our specific types of data such as of memory space is only to hold certain types of data and the needs of variables voted for the either life etc so Python offers the following building code data life one number two strength Liz old couple and dictionary number as it is clear by the name the number two divides are used to store the numeric values in Python the numbers in Python have a following for data types integer sign or Julianne floating point number and complexion of all so now we will discuss all of these different types of number data right with the help of program so first we are going to use a 1 proton without a determine for example TP like so in this program the value of x and y and then we assign the result to a variable Z so with the help of brain function this is me that is like so if they done this program so first save this program and run this program to check here so here we have some s waiting too so in this program the Python will take a resume depending upon this value define the data type for X and file and the Z data type is defined based on the value x and y so here we give the integer value so we get the result as a integer let's force if we assign any float number to all these two variables then check save this program and check the result so if we give them a variable as a float value or a number with affection a decimal number so it will convert the data type of X&Y according to these data types like the number of infection and also the Z is also changed to the data type as a number of infection if we give a mixed value like X as a number with friction and Phi as an integer number and here we produce the sum of x and y and then we get the result so save this program and run it to see the output so if your one is number rejection and one is of descent is a number but our output is according to the number with in peace um number with affection so it's a better to define the data type if you want to produce the result as you require so let's learn about the number data type so in a number we have a three types of different data types one is integer in and Iza we have integer and boolean vitalife floating-point number and her complex number so now just write a program for integer so here we have a program X equal to in to define a datatype for X as a integer then we use a different function to get the value of U so similarly we define a second variable Y with a data type as a condenser and here we use the input variable to get the value from the user in third line we have used the print function to display the number one in fourth line we use a brain function to display the number two and in fifth line here we have a Z variable its data type is converted to individual and the value for x and y if you skip this one then it automatically use the Z data type as a integer because both the variables are using integer value in 1/4 in six line here we have used the brain function and this use of string some and the variable Z to display the result the resultant value of Z so now run this program so it's asking us to enter the first number for example fellow press ENTER you will display the message to enter a number two so just enter a second number as I'm reader there Center so here we have some 25 number one is as a 12 number two is as a 13 and some is 25 so in this way you can define our data type as up in Pisa and work with the in peas event next is floating point number a floating point number having a vegetable part is the floating point number for example the value of five three point one four five nine so is a floating number a decimal point signal that it is a floating point number not a integer number so we will need a program to discuss about the floating point number so here in this program we define the X variable as the data type float everything we use an input function to enter a float value from the user setting we define the Y variable as their data type as a float and input function to get the value from the user so help we use a brain function X to print the number of next wins number one to print the number two as a Y and then we use the same Z variable to get the addition or to perform the addition on x and y so here X is as of roll why is as a float so jet variable also the value do flow and then we use the print function to display the result now run this program so here we have number one like Hello y3 press enter enter the number two for example 13 y 6 that's enter so here we have number one as a twelve point three number two and the thirteen point six and we got the result some twenty five point five so in this way you can perform a addition subtraction multiplication on a floating number a number with a decimal point so now just run this program again so here we have a number one so we just enter time there is a number well press ENTER it demands for the second number so we enter the second number that would in point eight that is a prote number as we does that enter so you can see how the float the integer number is changed to the float come with so here we have a number one as a 12.0 number two as a 14.8 and we got the sum as 26.8 so in this way you can perform or you can convert the data from a major to float up float to integer next we have a data type as a boolean so boolean having the value two and false the boolean data type is a subtype of gain integer and the boolean value false and to behave like the value 0 and 1 so let's design a program to understand the concept of bullet in diesel so here X we define as a rule and assign a value 0 so Y ends of boolean data type and we assign the value but then we use a pain function X and print function y to print the value of x to print the value of y so now run this program to see the result so here we have X as opposed ero means false Y as a bold one means true so we can use the boolean integer then we have to perform a statement like we have to execute a program based on some condition so basically we use a boolean data type at that time or when we have any query having only two results either yes or either low so we use the boolean data type in those condition or in those statements next we have a complex number in a Python so the third day tonight for a number it is complex number so if I can represent a complex number in the form of E Plus V G that is to represent the imaginary number soap I can use G and the place of additional high so we are using the iron for fighter who represent that imaginary number but in a five hundred percent that masonry number so here we have a one above C is equal to zero plus four point five G so Co is a real number and four point five G is our imaginary number so if you paint plus C then we will get the result as a complex number second example is T one point one plus three point sixty so we think here the value of D so now run this program to see that oh so here we have four point five K it is a value of C okay in a second number we have one one one plus three point six three so the output we got in and this V 1 but 1 plus equal 6 if we have to use only a real part of a number on only the imaginary part of a number then they can use it as bring be point three two prints the real part of a number D point imaginary to think that imaginary number of the D so here we have a real number of a D is one point one and the imaginary number of T is change point six so you can also use this function to print the real number or imaginary number for complex so this is about the number data type now we are going to learn about string datatype lifting strength you already know about the string in a pythons so in this section we will talk about the strings how to use a string as a data type in Python a string data type let you hold a string data is that any number of valid chapter into a set of quotation mark in a Python 3 point X each character stored in a string is a Unicode tractor or in the other word all the strings in Python 3 point X are a sequence of your Unicode character the Unicode is a system designed to represent the half reflector from every language first ring can hold any types of lawn vector is that latter numbers and specific term of any non script language so let's write a program to take input as a string and work with the string so here we have a 1 program in which we are using a variable as name so store and swing this name of a student as a husband so we have to use the double quick or a single with to represent of string second we have a variable like lastly is equal to brought in single grade so you can represent the string either in a single or either in a double quit so next we have a print function to display the result by using brain function student name then we have our space and then we have a last name of the student so let's run this program to see the output select the program string and here we have our good stuff so in this program first we have a student name as a - then we use the first operator who can carry two pink cap these two string and how we use these double quotes to represent the space between these two variable values like first variable student name as a Vulcan then we have a space then we have a last name so in this way you can use a string variable in your program next we have writen stu line code to get the input as a string from the user and print it let's rerun this program again so first it display the name student name plus last me and then ask for the venue to be entered as a string by the user enter your favorite field so we add here like a favorite food pizza as we enter so in the next line we have a paint function and the value stored in our food that is entered by the user as a string is displayed so this is all about change next data type is lists and tuples the lists and tuples are Python compound data types we have taken them together in one section because they are basically the same types with the different lists can be changed modified but the tougher can't be changed or modified so let's talk about these two Python types one by one so one list a lift in a Python represent our list of former separated value of any data type between the steel brackets so here we have an X as an emo list and these are the different values that is affected by the comma and enclosed by the scalar X to represent it is a list here we use a print function to bring the X now run this program to understand the sequence of execution of this program so here first we bring a list this main function paint the list so here we have a list 1 2 3 4 8 9 10 5 & 6 then we use a print function to print the first position value so that is used by X 0 so the value in a list always start from 0 not from 1 so the first index value is 0 second index value is 1 2 3 4 and so on so at the first zero index value we have a value 1 but the next value at the index 1 we have a value to add the index 2 we have a value of list 3 at the index value 3 we have a value 4 similarly at the 5 we have a value a so you can represent it first position at the first position we have a value of x that is why at the position of 5 but the element we have X 4 so that is value 8 similarly you can use a some mathematic function like minimum maximum to get the minimum value of to get the minimum value of lipsticks okay so the minimum value of in this list is what it will compare of all the values and get the minimum value from this set of values so the minimum value in list X we have one similarly we use a max function to get to calculate the maximum value of a list X so here we have maximum value n so similarly you can also use in a list we can modify the value for example first we print the value of 4 is 4 then we change the value to 14 and you can also see in a result at the position after changing the value we have 40 so in the list we can modify or change the value after the Declaration of list next type is tougher so in this program so dapper is a similar object of a list but we are not able to change or modify any value in this stuff so in that upper we have to use a name of topple is X and the value assigned in the round deck is and all the values are represented with the help of form so rest of the things are same only the brackets are changed enough list we are using the scale bracket but enough then we have to declare any value or any variable as a cover so we use here the round brackets so here we have user brain function to thank the value of extra per run this program to see the output so here we have X double then we print the value of one position 1 so that is the value 1 similarly the position get the value of position file that is Z and then we similarly get the minimum function and maximum function to get the value or to find the minimum value of x double and to find the maximum value of x double so here we use 1 and similarly next we have used a plain function to bring the position of both so position of four is o then we use X equal to 40 but then we apply this condition so you can get this message so the error type duffle object does not sport the item assignment so you are not able to change the value in Suffern but you can change the value in list so these are the different data types list add tougher next we have dictionaries dictionary data type is another feature in a Python so the dictionary is an uncoded set of commas effective teams and value pair within these curly brackets switch requirement that within a dictionary no cookies can be used at the same so there is a unique keys are assigned to a different values so similarly you can check help we have a list name so we have a dictionary name as a wall so the first is T and the value is 1 second we have E and the value is 2 and so on and we use the print function to print the value of dictionary boggle similarly if you want to print a specific value then you can use their teeth to paint that then 82 for the field value with that T so now run this program - this is the output of this function so here first we think the dictionary then we think the value of T that is 1 similarly you can use another way you can use the numbers and assign the values lead you to that so for example if we have a computer so here we have a frame function to bring this dictionary computer and then I is equal to integer input and her are number so as a person enter any number from this 1 2 3 4 5 so that is related to that key we have an hope so it will print the value for example we just enter the 3 and when we press Enter so we get the value of 3 that is monitor so similarly when you have to ask any are multiple questions from the person so you can use this dictionary it is very helpful for them so in this subject we have discussed about these different data types number having the three subtypes integer boolean floating-point and complex number then we have discuss about the sequences data type that is string open and live and then the last one we have discussed the mapping data type that is dictionary okay students so this is all about the different data types so keep watching thank you have a nice day\n"