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EVs use motors that run on alternating current, but their batteries output direct current. So, how do you go from DC to AC for the motors? Well, AC is wiggling, and DC is straight. To get the straight to turn wiggly, you need some electronics to do that. Specifically, you need an inverter. An inverter takes direct current from the battery, switches it on and off so fast that it turns it into alternating current, the type of current needed by the motors.

Those inverters are extremely sophisticated. When I met with the CEO of Lucid, Peter Rawlinson, about the lucid air, we nerded out for 30 minutes just on inverters. With that sophisticated piece of equipment comes cost. But if you use the same type of current coming off the batteries to power your motor, you don't need a fancy inverter. You can get DC from the batteries and DC to the motors.

The Samsung washer is a great example of this. Most cars rely pretty heavily on front disc brakes for anywhere from 60 to 90% of their stopping power, but big cars are heavy and they need those breaks. The Changli ZYX weighs in at 323 kilograms, or just over 700 pounds. That's why it uses the cheapest brakes outside of Flintstone feet, the mechanical drum brake.

When you press the pedal, the pedal pivots activating a bell crank-style linkage that engages a series of lever arms and a splined rod, which pushes the brake shoes against a rotating cylinder. The more costly and more common breaking systems are hydraulic disk brakes. The benefit of disc brakes over drum brakes is in the heat dissipation department.

Drum brakes allow heat to build up inside the drum when braking, but with disk brakes, the rotor is free-flowing in the wind. That flow of air around the rotor cools the entire braking system, preventing that hydraulic fluid from boiling and causing brake fade. The Changli ZYX uses a rack and pinion setup that was first seen in the American automotivemanufacturing way back in 1974 in the Mustang II and Pinto.

The rack and pinion steering is not only a more straightforward and simplistic design than the circulating ball steeringsystem previously used, it's also more cost-effective to build due to its simplicity. It's also cheaper than hydraulic power steering, electric power steering, and fully electric power steering. Because of the low costs, along with the fact that it's pretty easy to figure out when something goes wrong with it, the Changli kept it simple and used rack and pinion.

When we look at the suspension department, there's a fun mashup of modern and relatively ancient history happening near the steering shaft. The front suspension is made up of a dead axle and kingpins to let the steering knuckles rotate. Never heard of a kingpin? Well, maybe that's because they were more commonly spotted on the Model T.

The axle fits in between two collars on the spindle and rests on a roller bearing and a king pin slides through the spindle and the axle where an alignment pin locks everything in place. In terms of suspension setup, this is super simple and super cheap. And in the rear, surprisingly, you have coral springs.

Those core lowers might not be the cheaper option for most manufacturers because they would need to buy those parts from other factories. But for Changli, the parts are made by the same company, manufacturing the cars themselves. So that keeps costs lower by consolidating production of parts and cars into one single factory. And they make them in bulk. When you buy in bulk, the price drops, have you ever shopped at Sam's or Costco or Jerry's discount motorcycle shop?

WEBVTTKind: captionsLanguage: en(upbeat music)- Do you love driving, butare so sick to your tummybecause you gotta spend allyour greenbacks on a brand newfour wheel go-go machine.Do you hate going to adealership just to haveto look a floor salesmenin the eye and say,I don't have any money.I'm wasting your time.Are you sick and tired of being treatedlike an adult baby or a boy or girl.Do I have a car for you.Come on down to Jerry's used car auto mat.Were I'm going to put you ina brand new 2020 Changli ZYXfor $930. Hold on what?Stop for a second.Frankie boy, is thatthe total car price orthe monthly price?The total price.(screaming)- The ZYX is an electric vehiclethat you can buy online todaythat costs less than apair of Jordan One Breds.A car that can not only haulyou and your friends around,but also has a center driver's seat.It's basically a McLaren F1.While it might not lookall that great. It's cheap,it works and it got me thinking,how can you make a car so inexpensive?Between the engineering, the development,the manufacturing, shippingand a ton of other factors.If the goal is to turn a profit,how can a company dothat on a sub $1,000 car?So today we're going to diveinto the world of cheap carsand see where companies cutcosts in order to make moreFranklins.I might just buy one ofthese to give it away on thedoughnut underground. We'll see.(soft music)- Thank you to the zebra forsponsoring today's video.Oh, hey, did you know the Zebrais the nation's leading carinsurance comparison site?They make it possible to comparequotes from over a hundredplus insurance companiesin under five minutes.The Zebra is aboutconvenience, expertise, savingsand of course transparency.Unlike other car insurance company sites,Zebra doesn't need yourphone number and they're notinterested in selling your data.The zebra just wants to helpyou save money and find yourperfect policy no matter whoyou are or what you drive,it's that simple.Drivers who use the zebra have savedan average of $440 a yearon their car insurance.So head on over to thezebra.com/bumper to compare quotesfor free today, let'sget back to the show.Oh shoot. Think I missedmy exit. No problem.The Chang-Li ZYX is a Chinesemade rear wheel drive electriclukewarm rod of a vehiclethat you can buy without everleaving your house.Surf on over to Ali-Baba.comand within a few clicks,you'll have one ofthese bad boys deliveredin a box to your driveway.With three power level options.The ZYX has a maximumspeed around 25 miles per,with a 40 mile range.It's got independent suspensionand it has the luxuryfeatures like a full-sizedspare tire, backup camera anda digital dashboard.When I bought my F-150,the dash alone costs morethan this entire car,but the cost of a car is more than justa running list of parts.Manufacturers have to design,research and develop that carinto its shiny new perfectionbefore it reaches any lotand that's an expensive endeavor.When it comes down to it,the research and development,marketing costs andengineering costs of a new car,outweigh the cost of parts alone.But that paradigm is forbig name manufacturers,Changli, they cut costsby focusing on the parts.And when talking EVs,most of the costs comesfrom the batteries.The four wheel electricenvironmental protection car,small electric car, asit's called on Alibaba,is powered by five 12volt lead acid batteriesproducing 60 volts of juice.Now 60 volts. Those are rookie numbers.You've got to pump those suckers up,especially when you compare itto model three's, 400 volts.But voltage aside, thereal thing to focus on isthe type of battery.All the major manufacturersin the EV marketuse some sort of lithium ion technology.Whether the chemistry is lithiumnickel, cobalt, aluminum,or if it's lithiumnickel, manganese cobalt,they're using lithium batteries.And the reason is pretty simple.They have more capacity, theyhave a higher energy density,they're more efficient, theyhave a longer lifespan andthey have a larger depth of discharge.While it's normal to use85% or more of a lithiumion batteries, totalcapacity in a single charge.It's damaging to discharge alead acid battery past 50%.After that you start toshorten its lifespan.But if lithium ion is theanswer, what's the catch?The catch is costs. You got to mine them.And then you've got a processand convert them into highpurity versions that mayquality long lasting batteries.Lead acid. On the other hand, it's cheap.Led is cheap. Acid is cheap.Not only are the actual batteriescheap, so is the housingyou put them in.The batteries are covered witha low cost cardboard sheet,right beneath the driver's seat,as opposed to nestled intosome custom engineered casingthat for example, you seeit in a Lucid or Tesla.I mentioned a second ago, energy density,and the better that metricis the longer range you have.The lead acid batteries in the ZYXgets you an average of 40 miles.Now the median EPA estimatedrange for an average EV vehiclein 2020, was 250 miles and it alsotakes about six to eight hours to chargethose lead acid batteries.Another downside of using them.And once you spend allthat time charging themwe're at full capacity andyou stomp on the electricity,you'll notice a lack of power.That's because the ZYX hasonly a single 1200 watt,1.6 horsepower DC motor.The same type of motorin your washing machine.Yep, it's just a washingmachine on wheels.And not all, but most EVs use motorsthat run on alternating current,but their batteries output direct current.So how do you go from DC fromthe battery to turn it into ACfor the motors? Well, AC it'swiggling, DC it's straight.So in order to get thestraight to turn wiggly,you need some electronics to do that.Specifically, you need an inverter andan inverter takes directcurrent from the battery,switches it on and off sofast that it turns it intoalternating current,the type of current needed by the motors.Those inverters areextremely sophisticated.When I met with the CEO of Lucid,Peter Rawlinson about the lucid air,we nerded out for 30minutes, just on inverters.With that sophisticated pieceof equipment, comes cost.But if you use the same typeof current coming off thebatteries to power your motor,you don't need a fancy inverter,got DC from the batteries,DC to the motors.You can get your Samsung washeron wheels and call it a day.Changli manufacturersdid find a way to savesome bucks in the break department,by well not includingthem on the front wheelsThey cut the cost of breakinstallation in half,right there. Now mostcars rely pretty heavilyon front disc brakes foranywhere from 60 to 90%of their stopping power,but big cars are heavy andthey need those breaks.The ZYX weighs in at 323kgs.That's just over 700 pounds,or... (drum roll)- I'm not going to sayit guys. I've matured.I'm a better person now.And I just won't do it.Your mom.But in the rear youhave the cheapest breaksoutside of Flintstone feet.The mechanical drum brake.When you press the pedal,the pedal pivots activatinga bell crank style linkagethat engages a series oflever arms, and a splined rod,which pushes the brake shoesagainst a rotating cylinder.The more costly and morecommon breaking systems arehydraulic disk brakes.The benefit of disc brakesover drum brakes is in the heatdissipation department.That's what they call mewhen I'm around the poolin a Speedo.(laughing)- Drum brakes allow heatto build up inside thedrum when braking,.But with disk brakes, the rotoris free flowing in the wind.That flow of air around the rotor coolsthe entire braking system,preventing that hydraulicfluid from boiling andcausing brake fade.The Changli ZYX or as it's also called onAli-Baba, elderly leisurecommuting to pick up children car,cut costs, not only in thebattery and motor department,but also in the steering system as well.It uses a rack and pinionsetup that was first seenin the American automotivemanufacturing way back in 1974in the Mustang Two and Pinto.The rack and pinionsteering is not only a morestraightforward andsimplistic design than therecirculating ball steeringsystem previously used,it's also more cost-effective to builddue to its simplicity.It's also cheaper thanhydraulic power steering,electric power hydraulic steeringand fully electric power steering.Because of the low costs,along with the factthat it's pretty easy to figure out whensomething goes wrong with it,the Changli kept it simpleand used rack and pinion.When we look in thissuspension department,there's a fun mashup ofmodern and relatively ancienthistory happening near the steering shaft.The front suspension is madeup of a dead axle and kingpinsto let the steering knuckles rotate,never heard of a kingpin?Well, maybe that's becausethey were more commonlyspotted on the Model T.The axle fits in between twocollars on the spindle andrests on a roller bearing anda king pin slides through thespindle and the axle wherean alignment pin lockseverything in place.In terms of suspension setup,this is super simple and super cheap.And in the rear, surprisingly,you have coral springs.And those core lowers mightnot be the cheaper option formost manufacturers becausethey would need to buy thoseparts from other factories.But for Changli the partsare made by the same company,manufacturing the cars themselves.So that keeps costs lower byconsolidating production ofparts and cars, into one single factory.And they make them in bulk.And when you buy in bulk, the price drops,have you ever shopped at Sam'sor Costco or Jerry's discountmotorcycle shop?Because I got a bunch of motorcycles.I'm selling them for cheap.I'd never sell my motorcycles ever.if you buy one of mymotorcycles, it's cause I'm dead.My girlfriends like, "Sellsome of your motorcycles",and I'm like, "never, ever,and I'm not willing them to you either,I'm going to will them to amuseum and you'll never be ableto touch them"."You're going to be beggingthe museum curator like, Hey,can I scrape some of theseat dander off of it andsmell them? And I'm going to be like, no".I'll will it to a member ofthe doughnut underground.It's actually, if you want tosee more motorcycle content,go on the doughnut underground.We're going to do a video onmy whole motorcycle collection,check it out.Also click the like and subscribe button,because that really helps me out,lets us know that we're doing a good job.This same paradigm applies to the frame.The same frame where you seeon the ZYX is stamped out inmass for all kinds of otherlow speed delivery vehicles andtricycles across Asia and Europe.And it's not just the frame.It's the body, the lights,the heater, the backup camera,the windows and thetrim and the regulators.The truth is the Changli functions,as basic as a car can be.It does its job of going from A to B,using old school engineering.Instead of spending bigbucks on development andspecialized parts, Changliuses old tech, low cost parts.And for the money I wouldhave killed for one ofthese when I was 16. Are you kidding me?If me and my friends hada dozen of these bad boys,it would have been a blast.Are they safe? Probably not.Are they fun? Time will tell.- Show your support for America's favoriteoff-roader and America'sfavorite off-road teamwith the brand new high team t-shirt.- I think he means the low team t-shirt.- No I said America'sfavorite off-roader andoff-road team, high team.- Yeah low team, that's what...- High team.- Low team, Low team.- No people only like you guys ironically.- I don't think that's true James.- Dude this is a classy shirt.It's black, it's sleek.We're like the heroes ofthe mighty ducks, the Hawks.- If you'd like a littlemore lighthearted affair,then the low team t-shirt comes in thisbeautiful light blue color,letting people know thatyou're a easy going fellow.Or lady.- Well, whichever teamyou want to represent,whether it's high team or the wrong team,they're all available atdonutmedia.com for $29.98,which is so much cheaper than-- So much cheaper, James.- Thank you guys so much forwatching this episode of B2B.We love you. If you wantto see more doughnut stuff,follow us here onInstagram at donut media,follow me at Jeremiah Burton.Follow me on TikTok,Silence of the Lambda.I might be shadow banned again.I don't know what the hell is happening.I just want to make TikTok's.I keep changing my nameand TikTok hates it.So if you got a better username,put it down in the comments.The best one, I'll sendyou a t-shirt, if I use it.Only if I use it. Okay.Till next week, bye for now.